What does the introduction of a research article typically include?

The introduction of a research article is designed to provide a framework for the study by outlining the context, significance, and objectives of the research. One key element included in this section is the hypotheses related to the research. These hypotheses are formulated based on existing literature and previous findings, setting the stage for what the study aims to investigate. Including the hypotheses helps readers understand the expectations of the researchers and the specific questions the study seeks to answer.

While the other options contain important components of a research article, they belong to different sections. A summary of results typically appears in the conclusion or results section, where the findings are presented. Details of the methodology are usually presented in a separate methodology section, explaining how the research was conducted. Finally, statistical analysis is generally found in the results section, where data is interpreted and analyzed. Thus, the introduction focuses primarily on setting up the research questions and hypotheses, establishing the foundation for the study.